Bipolar Ii Disorder Information
Bipolar II disorder is a bipolar spectrum disorder characterized by at least one hypomanic episode and at least one major depressive episode; with this disorder, depressive episodes are more frequent and more intense than manic episodes. It is believed to be under-diagnosed because hypomanic behavior often presents as incredibly high-functioning behavior. Indeed, to a physician or psychologist specializing in mood disorders, highly confident ambition might appear to be symptomatic of hypomania only if that individual's goals are viewed as unrealistic.
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Treatments
The most common treatment for reducing bipolar II disorder symptoms is medication, usually in the form of mood stabilizers. However, treatment with mood stabilizers often produces a flat affect in the patient. Concurrent use of SSRI antidepressants may help some with bipolar II disorder, though they should be used with caution because they exacerbate manic symptoms in some people.[citation needed] Moreover, meta-analysis of SSRI studies suggest that the SSRI drug effect fails to produce significant results when compared to a placebo.[citation needed] Non-medication therapies can also help those with the illness. These include social rhythm therapy, interpersonal therapy, behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, Music therapy, psychoeducation, light therapy, and family-focused therapy. Relapses can still occur, even with continued medication and therapy.[citation needed]
Specifiers
- Chronic
- With catatonic features
- With melancholic features
- With psychotic features
- With atypical features
- With postpartum onset
- Longitudinal course specifiers (with and without inter-episode recovery)
- With seasonal pattern (applies only to the pattern of major depressive episodes)
- With rapid cycling
See also
- Bipolar disorder
- Bipolar I disorder
- Detailed listing of DSM-IV-TR Bipolar Disorder diagnostics codes
- Bipolar spectrum
- Emotional dysregulation
- Creativity and bipolar disorder
- Bipolar disorders research
- Temporal lobe epilepsy
References
http://www.psycheducation.org/depression/frameset.html
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Categories: Bipolar spectrum
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