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Wakefulness-promoting Agent Information

A wakefulness-promoting agent is a type of psychoactive drug which improves wakefulness and alertness, and reduces tiredness, drowsiness, and the need for sleep. They are often used in the treatment of hypersomnia and narcolepsy. The functional opposites of wakefulness-promoting agents would be hypnotics/sedatives like antihistamines, opioids, and benzodiazepines.

The prototype drug in this class is modafinil, and other drugs include adrafinil and armodafinil. The primary difference between these drugs and amphetamine-like stimulants is that wakefulness-promoting agents trigger activation of neurons in the hypothalamus-based wakefulness circuits, as opposed to producing diffuse neuronal activation.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ Ballon, D.D.; Feifel, D. (2006). "A systematic review of modafinil: potential clinical uses and mechanisms of action.". J. Clin Psychiatry 67 (4): 554–66. http://article.psychiatrist.com/dao_1-login.asp?ID=10002519&RSID=34201655661361. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
· · Stimulants (N06B)
Adamantanes

Adaphenoxate • Adapromine • AmantadineBromantane • Chlodantane • Gludantane • Memantine • Midantane

Adenosine antagonists 8-Chlorotheophylline8-Cyclopentyltheophylline8-PhenyltheophyllineAminophyllineCaffeineCGS-15943DimethazanParaxanthineSCH-58261TheobromineTheophylline
Alkylamines

CyclopentamineCypenamineCyprodenateHeptaminolIsomethepteneMethylhexaneamineOctodrinePropylhexedrineTuaminoheptane

Arylcyclohexylamines

BenocyclidineDieticyclidineEsketamineEticyclidineGacyclidineKetamine • Phencyclamine • PhencyclidineRolicyclidineTenocyclidineTiletamine

Benzazepines

6-Br-APBSKF-77434SKF-81297SKF-82958

Cholinergics

A-84543A-366,833ABT-202ABT-418AR-R17779AltiniclineAnabasineArecolineCotinineCytisineDianiclineEpibatidineEpiboxidineGTS-21IsproniclineNicotinePHA-543,613PNU-120,596PNU-282,987PozaniclineRivaniclineSazetidine A • SIB-1553A • SSR-180,711TC-1698 • TC-1827 • TC-2216TC-5619TebaniclineUB-165VareniclineWAY-317,538

Convulsants

Anatoxin-aBicucullineDMCMFlurothylGabazinePentetrazolPicrotoxinStrychnineThujone

Eugeroics

AdrafinilArmodafinilCRL-40941Modafinil

Oxazolines

4-MethylaminorexAminorexClominorexCyclazodoneFenozoloneFluminorexPemolineThozalinone

Phenethylamines

1-(4-Methylphenyl)-2-aminobutane2-Fluoroamphetamine2-Fluoromethamphetamine2-OH-PEA • 2-Phenyl-3-aminobutane • 2-Phenyl-3-methylaminobutane • 2,3-MDA3-Fluoroamphetamine3-Fluoroethamphetamine3-Fluoromethcathinone3-Methoxyamphetamine3-Methylamphetamine4-BMC4-Ethylamphetamine4-FA4-FMA4-MA4-MMA4-MTA6-FNEAlfetamineα-EthylphenethylamineAmfecloralAmfepentorexAmfepramoneAmidephrineAmphetamine (Dextroamphetamine, Levoamphetamine) • AmphetaminilArbutamineβ-Methylphenethylamineβ-PhenylmethamphetamineBenfluorexBenzphetamineBDB (J) • BOH (Hydroxy-J) • BPAPBuphedroneBupropion (Amfebutamone) • ButyloneCathineCathinoneChlorphentermine • Cinnamedrine • ClenbuterolClobenzorexCloforexClortermineD-DeprenylDenopamineDimethoxyamphetamineDimethylamphetamineDimethylcathinone (Dimethylpropion, Metamfepramone) • DobutamineDOPA (Dextrodopa, Levodopa) • DopamineDopexamineDroxidopaEBDB (Ethyl-J) • EphedrineEpinephrine (Adrenaline) • Epinine (Deoxyepinephrine) • EtafedrineEthcathinone (Ethylpropion) • Ethylamphetamine (Etilamfetamine) • Ethylnorepinephrine (Butanefrine) • EthyloneEtilefrineFamprofazoneFenbutrazateFencamineFencamfamineFenethyllineFenfluramine (Dexfenfluramine) • FenmetramideFenproporexFlephedroneFludorexFurfenorexGepefrine • HMMA • HordenineIbopamineIMPIndanylamphetamineIsoetarineIsoprenaline (Isoproterenol) • L-Deprenyl (Selegiline) • LefetamineLisdexamfetamineLophophine (Homomyristicylamine) • ManifaxineMBDB (Methyl-J; "Eden") • MDA (Tenamfetamine) • MDBUMDEA ("Eve") • MDMA ("Ecstasy", "Adam") • MDMPEA (Homarylamine) • MDOHMDPRMDPEA (Homopiperonylamine) • MefenorexMephedroneMephentermineMetanephrineMetaraminol • Methamphetamine (Desoxyephedrine, Methedrine; Dextromethamphetamine, Levomethamphetamine) • MethoxamineMethoxyphenamineMMAMethcathinone (Methylpropion) • MethedroneMethoxyphenamineMethyloneMMDAMMDMAMMMAMorazoneNaphthylamphetamineNisoxetineNorepinephrine (Noradrenaline) • NorfenefrineNorfenfluramineNormetanephrineOctopamineOrciprenalineOrtetamineOxilofrineParedrine (Norpholedrine, Oxamphetamine, Mycadrine) • PBAPCAPHAPargylinePentorex (Phenpentermine) • PentylonePhendimetrazinePhenmetrazinePhenpromethaminePhenterminePhenylalaninePhenylephrine (Neosynephrine) • PhenylpropanolaminePholedrinePIAPMAPMEAPMMAPPAPPrenylaminePropylamphetaminePseudoephedrineRadafaxineRopiniroleSalbutamol (Albuterol; Levosalbutamol) • SibutramineSynephrine (Oxedrine) • TheodrenalineTiflorex (Flutiorex) • TranylcypromineTyramineTyrosineXamoterolXylopropamineZylofuramine

Piperazines

2C-B-BZPBZP • CM156 • DBL-583 • GBR-12783 • GBR-12935 • GBR-13069 • GBR-13098 • GBR-13119 • MeOPPMBZPVanoxerine

Piperidines

1-Benzyl-4-(2-(diphenylmethoxy)ethyl)piperidine2-Benzylpiperidine • 2-Methyl-3-phenylpiperidine • 3,4-Dichloromethylphenidate4-Benzylpiperidine4-MethylmethylphenidateDesoxypipradrolDifemetorexDiphenylpyralineEthylphenidateMethylnaphthidateMethylphenidate (Dexmethylphenidate) • NocainePhacetoperanePipradrolSCH-5472

Pyrrolidines

2-Diphenylmethylpyrrolidineα-PPPα-PBPα-PVPDiphenylprolinolMDPPPMDPBPMDPVMPBPMPHPMPPPMOPPPNaphyronePEPProlintanePyrovalerone

Tropanes

3-CPMT • 3-Pseudotropyl-4-fluorobenzoate4'-Fluorococaine • AHN-1055 • Altropane (IACFT)BrasofensineCFT (WIN 35,428)β-CIT (RTI-55)CocaethyleneCocaineDichloropane (RTI-111)DifluoropineFE-β-CPPITFP-β-CPPITIoflupane (123I)NorcocainePITPTTRTI-31RTI-32RTI-51 • RTI-105 • RTI-112RTI-113 • RTI-117 • RTI-120RTI-121 (IPCIT)RTI-126RTI-150 • RTI-154 • RTI-171 • RTI-177 • RTI-183 • RTI-193 • RTI-194 • RTI-199 • RTI-202 • RTI-204 • RTI-229 • RTI-241 • RTI-336RTI-354RTI-371RTI-386SalicylmethylecgonineTesofensineTroparil (β-CPT, WIN 35,065-2)TropoxaneWF-23WF-33 • WF-60

Others

1-(Thiophen-2-yl)-2-aminopropane2-Amino-1,2-dihydronaphthalene2-Aminoindane2-Aminotetralin2-MDP • 2-Phenylcyclohexylamine • 2-Phenyl-3,6-dimethylmorpholine3-Benzhydrylmorpholine3,3-Diphenylcyclobutanamine5-(2-Aminopropyl)indole5-Iodo-2-aminoindaneAL-1095Amfonelic acidAmineptineAmiphenazoleAtipamezoleAtomoxetine (Tomoxetine) • BemegrideBenzydamineBTQBTS 74,398CarphedonCiclazindolCilobamineClofenciclan • Cropropamide • Crotetamide • CypenamineD-161DiclofensineDimethocaineEfaroxanEtamivanEXP-561FenpentadiolFeprosidnineG-130GamfexineGilutensinGSK1360707FGYKI-52895HexacyclonateIdazoxanIndanorexIndatralineJNJ-7925476JZ-IV-10Lazabemide • Leptacline • LevopropylhexedrineLomevactoneLR-5182MazindolMeclofenoxateMedifoxamine • Mefexamide • MesocarbMethastyridoneMethiopropamineNefopamNikethamideNomifensineO-2172OxaprotilinePhthalimidopropiophenonePNU-99,194PropylhexedrinePRC200-SSRasagilineRauwolscineRubidium chlorideSetazindolTametralineTandamineTraziumUH-232Yohimbine

See also
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